运用语音知识提高托福听力
2021-03-04来源：网络
托福听力想要获得高分，就必须具备一定的语音知识，下面我们就来看看提高听力成绩的方法：运用语音。
托福听力不同于阅读，要求同学们必须具备准确辨音的能力，这是口头交际的基础。在正确掌握每个单词的发音的同时，必须注意以下几个方面：
(1)英语中最小对立体的发音：如ship---sheep, cheap ---- chip, pig ---peg, sack ---sock等，有针对性地进行发音训练，比如绕口令之类的练习，如She sells sea cells by the seashore. If she sells sea cells by the seashore, then she sells seashore cells，适当加强一些针对性的听力练习。
(2)重读与弱读：汉语是一个汉字一个音节，而英语中的一个单词可能就有好多音节，这就造成了英汉节奏的差别。而英语中的一些虚词一般要弱读，这有可能会给听力造成一定的困难。对此也应该进行专项训练。如：What''s the time? Sing us a song. I''ve eaten them all. He has already visited a great number of different places in Australia.(红体部分的音节重读)
(3)连读：连读时语速加快，连读的单词之间没有了间隔，会给理解带来困难。如：
in ˇor ˇout, yearˇ in and year ˇout, for ˇan ˇhour?
(4)意群：听力时不能一个单词一个单词地去理解，应该注意意群，因为意群之间间隔之处正是停顿之处，注意下列语句朗读时停顿的差别：
John said, " My father is here."
"John," said my father, "is here."
She likes pineapples.
She likes pie and apples.
He sold his houseboat and trailer.
He sold his house, boat, and trailer.
(5)注意同音字：有些单词发音相同，也可能给听力理解带来困难，如：
What is black and white, and read (red) all over?
这里在听的时候，很难分请是read还是red。
(6)语调：语调是说话者表达情感的一种手段，同样一个句子如果语调不同，则意思就有可能发生变化，如：Open the door, will you?↗
Open the door, won''t you?↘
用声调表示一种请求，用降调表示命令。
What? ↗What?↘↗升调表示疑问，降升表示吃惊和不相信。
测试中同样有可能考查语调的作用，如：
① W: Where do you want to eat?
M: Is there anything wrong with the↘ coffee shop?
Q: What does the man mean?
A. He wonders if anything happened at the coffee shop.
B. He doesn''t know why the coffee tastes bad.
C. He only wants coffee because he isn''t happy.
D. He thinks that they ought to go to the coffee shop.
一般疑问句，却用了降调，表示出说话者愿意去咖啡馆的肯定态度，答案应是D。
② M: I''m terribly sorry I''m late, but I just couldn''t help it.
I got there as soon as I could.
W: Well, it''s not soon enough, ↘is it?
Q: What does the woman mean?
A. It''s soon enough to get here.
B. It''s not soon enough to get here.
C. It''s not late to get here.
D. It''s early enough to get here.
降调的使用,说明说话人坚信第一部分说的是事实，由此可以判断答案为B。
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